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Helen F. Graham Cancer Center

Genetic Counseling for Colorectal Cancer

Cancer of the colon is the third-most common cancer and the third leading cause of death in the United States. Approximately one in 18 Americans will develop colorectal cancer at some point in life. In most cases, colorectal cancer is preventable.

Most colorectal cancers begin as pre-cancerous-or pre-malignant-growths called adenomatous polyps. These mushroom-shaped growths occur in the colon or rectum. Colorectal cancer can be prevented by identifying and removing these polyps, through the use of screening sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, before cancerous changes occur.

A person who carries a mutation in one of the hereditary colorectal-cancer genes has an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Genetic testing available at the Helen F. Graham Cancer Center can help to determine the best screening and prevention options for people with elevated risk for colorectal cancer.

Examine your family history to learn if you are at increased risk for colorectal cancer

The three leading risk factors for colorectal cancer are being over 50 years old, a history of inflammatory bowel disease, and a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or colorectal polyps.

When considering family history, look for:

  • Early diagnosis of cancer (before age 50).
  • Multiple family members with colorectal cancer.
  • Multiple family members with colorectal polyps.
  • If a family member has had more than one colorectal cancer.
  • If there are other cancers in the family, especially cancer of the endometrium (uterus), ovary, stomach, small bowel or urinary tract.
  • Ashkenazi Jewish descent and at least one family member with colorectal cancer.

Should you undergo genetic testing?

Genetic testing is not appropriate for everyone, but if your family history puts you at elevated risk, you should contact the Christiana Care Genetic Risk Assessment Program to learn your options. Consultation with a Christiana Care genetic counselor is available to discuss risk-reduction strategies, specialized screening tests and genetic testing options.

Individuals who carry an alteration in a colorectal-cancer gene are recommended to have earlier and more frequent colon screening. Dietary factors and lifestyle changes also can influence the occurence of colorectal cancer.

Genetic Risk Assessment Program
Helen F. Graham Cancer Center
4701 Ogletown-Stanton Road, Newark, DE 19713 directions
302-623-4593

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